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- WORLD, Page 33The PresidencyPresent at the Construction
-
-
- By Hugh Sidey
-
-
- All summer long John Kennedy had brooded, waiting for
- Nikita Khrushchev to make good on his threat to get rid of "the
- bone in my throat" -- partitioned Berlin. But he had not
- anticipated what would happen on that warm August afternoon in
- 1961 when he set out from Hyannis Port, Mass., on the yacht
- Marlin loaded with family and his favorite picnic dish, fish
- chowder.
-
- When the flash came from Washington that the Wall was going
- up, the Army major on duty became so agitated that he walked
- into the surf in full uniform to deliver the bulletin to
- Brigadier General Chester Clifton, the President's military
- aide, who was swimming just offshore.
-
- Clifton signaled the Marlin back and handed Kennedy the
- terse message. "You all go ahead," J.F.K. told his family. "I
- won't be out." He climbed into a golf cart with Clifton and in
- silence rode to his house. "Why in hell didn't we know about
- it?" he blurted, not expecting an answer. "What can we do?" he
- asked, turning to Clifton. "What can the military do?" Clifton
- told him that out of some 40 contingency plans for Berlin, he
- could not recall a single one dealing with a wall being built
- between the Soviet and Allied sectors. In fact, there was not
- much he could do.
-
- Later, in the Oval Office, he sighed that the Wall would
- stay until the Soviets tired of it. "We could have sent tanks
- over and knocked the Wall down," he mused. "What then? They
- build another one back a hundred yards? We knock that down, then
- we go to war?"
-
- When Kennedy did see the Wall, the event became one of the
- great spectacles of the cold war, his speech one of the most
- memorable in his presidency. When Kennedy flew into Berlin that
- June morning, he had a text that did not please him. "You think
- this is any good?" he asked the U.S. Berlin commander, Major
- General James Polk, who had joined the Kennedy caravan. Polk
- scanned the speech and replied bluntly, "I think it is
- terrible." Kennedy agreed and began to write a new one. But
- before he taunted the builders of the Wall, he rode four hours
- through the streets of West Berlin in the midst of a human fury
- of adoration intensified by the city's constant isolation.
- Nothing before in Kennedy's exuberant political life had
- approached this demonstration of between 1 million and 2 million
- cheering, roaring Germans.
-
- At Checkpoint Charlie he asked that family members and
- other guests not climb up to the viewing stand. Mouth set,
- Kennedy studied the strange, gray emptiness before him. Then,
- in far windows in East Berlin apartments, three women appeared
- waving handkerchiefs. "Isn't that kind of dangerous?" wondered
- Kennedy. Yes, he was told. Kennedy stood several seconds in
- tribute to those tiny figures.
-
- The crowd that waited for him to speak in front of West
- Berlin's city hall occupied every foot of the square and all
- the connecting streets. Kennedy raised his jaw and chopped the
- air with his hand, his voice growing ragged as he shouted his
- challenges to the other world and answered with his famous
- refrain, "Let them come to Berlin." In that moment the tribute
- Kennedy gave to those people was as honorably held, as
- profoundly pure as anything he had ever said. It was made of
- truth and given to history. "Ich bin ein Berliner."
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-